The emergence of conflicts lands of indigenous peoples in Indonesia due to the lack of government attention to the existence of indigenous peoples. All lands occupied by indigenous communities had many converted to the production of land belonging to the corporation. This gives rise to jealousy and a sense of injustice within the indigenous peoples as a result of the land is minimal perceived by the people around. As a result of social conflict arises. To handle social conflicts that need to be empowered and the role of traditional leaders as a social mediator. The participation of traditional leaders is very important because indigenous people are more likely to hear and obey the words and decisions of traditional leaders. Keywords: social conflict, indigenous lands, social mediation